Yesterday I had to throw my brakes on to avoid another car cutting in. After this happened the steering wheel moved in and out about 6 inches and no longer felt connected, though it was still usable. When I got my Bonneville home, I removed part of the dash to see what was wrong.

There is a part called the "Steering Column Jacket" that has come disconnected from the dash. The “Steering Column Jacket” is connected to the dash by two screws and two Triangle Parts (for lack of a better name). The Triangle parts slide into the "Steering Column Jacket" and are glued in place. I suspect this is made to come apart in a wreck to avoid the Steering Wheel doing damage to the driver.

Is this just a matter of re-gluing the Triangle Parts to the "Steering column, Jacket" and screwing it back into place? And if so, what type of glue should I use. Or does this mean installing a new "Steering Column Jacket"?

Thanks to anyone that can help me.

I think you have that right: it'* a collapsible steering column, and you managed to collapse it (without firing the airbags, fortunately). I would not try to repair these parts, but replace them instead. I suspect you can get them as a repair kit from the dealer (or maybe scavenge them from a junkyard donor), but in any case for something like this I would recommend doing a proper replacement rather than trying to hack a repair.

Exactly what you broke I can't tell without browsing the service manuals, so if someone else can say better what it is that broke, go with their advice rather than mine...